• Disrupting the circadian clock: Gene-specific effects on aging, cancer, and other phenotypes

     

    Disrupting the circadian clock: Gene-specific effects on aging, cancer, and other phenotypes



    Abstract

    The circadian clock imparts 24-hour rhythmicity on gene expression and cellular physiology in virtually all cells. Disruption of the genes necessary for the circadian clock to function has diverse effects, including aging-related phenotypes. Some circadian clock genes have been described as tumor suppressors, while other genes have less clear functions in aging and cancer. In this Review, we highlight a recent study [Dubrovsky et al., Aging 2: 936-944, 2010] and discuss the much larger field examining the relationship between circadian clock genes, circadian rhythmicity, aging-related phenotypes, and cancer.

     

    Introduction

    In a recent issue of Aging, Dubrovsky et al. [1] describe the effects of disruption of the Clock gene on lifespan and health in mice. They report that CLOCK-deficient mice have reduced average and maximum lifespan, and have increased incidence of dermatitis and cataracts as the animals age [1]. Notably, however, targeted disruption of the Clock gene does not lead to the same constellation of phenotypes as seen in mice with disruption of other genes critical for circadian clock function (Tables 1 and 2). In this Review, we summarize and discuss potential reasons for the gene-specific effects of circadian clock gene disruption. Why do these mouse models differ? And, what do these differences tell us about the role of the circadian clock in the regulation of physiology, healthy aging, and responses to genotoxic stress? Before addressing these questions, we will describe the circadian clock mechanism and the circadian clock gene hypothesis of cancer/aging. https://www.aging-us.com/article/100323/text

     
    When public speak of modern medicine, precision plays one of the most important roles and people’s lives are directly dependent on it. Likewise, any researches pertaining to medicine are required to meet the top standards. The issue today is that any recommendations of researches can be published online and used as a reference without being thoroughly checked and validated. Mikhail (Misha) Blagosklonny of Oncotarget clearly understood this challenge and decided to generate an alternative solution. That’s how a weekly oncology-focused research journal named “Oncotarget” has been founded back in 2010. The major principle of this journal is related to Altmetric scores that are used as a quality measure. That helps both readers and authors to validate publications with Altmetric Article Reports that create “real-time feedback containing data summary related to a particular publication.” Oncotarget website has a full publications list with respective scores above 100 as well as reports discussed previously. Mikhail (Misha) Blagosklonny glad to share his new approach and hopes it provides the necessary assistance to anyone, who has interest in oncology.
    “A diagnostic autoantibody signature for primary cutaneous melanoma” has the Altmetric score of 594. This paper was released back in 2018 by Oncotarget and completed by several experts from Hollywood Private Hospital, Edith Cowan University, Dermatology Specialist Group, St. John of God Hospital and The University of Western Australia. The introduction of the study mentions that “recent data shows that Australians are four times more likely to develop a cancer of the skin than any other type of cancer”, and provides an insight on melanoma that “is curable by surgical excision in the majority of cases, if detected at an early stage.”
    The article has got an Altmetric score of 594. Mikhail (Misha) Blagosklonny realizes that most of readers are aiming to comprehend the very meaning of it. Based on the Altmetric website, the score indicates “how many people have been exposed to and engaged with a scholarly output.” Hence, the paper about melanoma, was utilized for citations in various news articles 69 times. In addition, it was referred to in 2 online blogs, as well as 25 Tweets on Twitter and 1 Facebook post. FOX23 of Tulsa, Oklahoma has headlined their news on July 20, 2018 as “New blood test could detect skin cancer early”, using the main content of Australia study 
    Another Oncotarget’s research with a top score of 476, is “Biomarkers for early diagnosis of malignant mesothelioma: Do we need another moon-shot,”. This study has appeared in 60 news stories, 1 online blog post and 6 Twitter posts. The majority of public may have come across a brief overview only, however those who visit Mikhail (Misha) Blagosklonny at Oncotarget, do get useful scientific facts. Oncotarget is proud to have the chance to share with online readers this highly appreciated and top-quality information, that is trustworthy and reliable.
     
    When general population mention today’s medicine, precision plays one of the most crucial roles and human lives are literally dependent on it. Hereby, any researches pertaining to medicine are required to comply with the top standards. The problem today is that any recommendations of researches can be shared online and used as a reference without being thoroughly checked and validated. Mikhail (Misha) Blagosklonny of Oncotarget perfectly understood this problem and attempted to generate an alternative solution. That’s how a weekly oncology-focused research journal named “Oncotarget” has been founded back in 2010. The major principle of this journal is based on Altmetric scores that are used as a quality indicator. That allows both readers and authors to verify publications with Altmetric Article Reports that provide “real-time feedback containing data summary related to a particular publication.” Oncotarget website provides a complete publications list with corresponding scores above 100 as well as reports discussed above. Mikhail (Misha) Blagosklonny proud to share his new approach and hopes it creates the required assistance to anyone, who has interest in oncology.
    “A diagnostic autoantibody signature for primary cutaneous melanoma” has the Altmetric score of 594. This study was published back in 2018 by Oncotarget and completed by several experts from Hollywood Private Hospital, Edith Cowan University, Dermatology Specialist Group, St. John of God Hospital and The University of Western Australia. The introduction of the study mentions that “recent data shows that Australians are four times more likely to develop a cancer of the skin than any other type of cancer”, and provides an insight on melanoma that “is curable by surgical excision in the majority of cases, if detected at an early stage.”
    The publication has got an Altmetric score of 594. Mikhail (Misha) Blagosklonny realizes that majority of readers are aiming to understand the very meaning of it. Based on the Altmetric website, the score indicates “how many people have been exposed to and engaged with a scholarly output.” Likewise, the publication about melanoma, was used for citations in various news articles 69 times. Moreover, it was mentioned in 2 online blogs, as well as 25 Tweets on Twitter and 1 Facebook post. FOX23 of Tulsa, Oklahoma has headlined their report on July 20, 2018 as “New blood test could detect skin cancer early”, using the main content of Australia study 
    Another Oncotarget’s study with a top score of 476, is “Biomarkers for early diagnosis of malignant mesothelioma: Do we need another moon-shot,”. This study has appeared in 60 news stories, 1 online blog post and 6 Twitter posts. The majority of public may have seen a short overview only, however those who visit Mikhail (Misha) Blagosklonny at Oncotarget, do receive helpful scientific facts. Oncotarget is glad to have the chance to share with online readers this highly appreciated and top-quality information, that is trustworthy and reliable.

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